Baatin
- English
- The inward, hidden dimension—what is felt and meant beneath the surface of words. In Sarir e Khamma, baatin names the private layer of experience that writing uncovers.
- Urdu
باطن
Bātin
ظاہر کے مقابلے میں باطنی، پوشیدہ معنی اور احساس۔
sab shayr hai baatin kuch kuch zaahir hai
Terms from Sarir e Khamma and the ghazal tradition — English, Urdu, and Kashmiri.
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Sarir e Khamma
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Zaahir
- English
- The outward, manifest layer—what appears on the page or in performance. Zaahir is the shape words take when they are shared and heard.
- Urdu
ظاہر
Ẓāhir
وہ جو ظاہر ہو، سامنے آئے—لفظوں کی باہری شکل۔
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Ghazal & metre
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Poets
Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib
Urdu and Persian poet of Delhi; master of wit, paradox, and ghazal form.
Mir Taqi Mir
Foundational Urdu ghazal voice; tenderness and classical restraint.
Faiz Ahmad Faiz
Modern Urdu poet; political lyricism and humane metaphor.
Ahmad Faraz
Romantic and resistant Urdu poet; direct address and musical line.
Muhammad Iqbal
Philosopher-poet; Shikwa, Jawāb-e-Shikwa, and the drama of creation.
Momin Khan Momin
Delhi poet contemporary with Ghalib; ghazal craft and wit.
Agha Shahid Ali
Kashmiri-American poet; ghazal in English and diasporic longing.
Rasul Mir
Kashmiri romantic poet; lyric sweetness in the vākh tradition.